The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids. The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous. == Description == The legs of individuals in this subfamily vary from genus to genus, but, as in nearly all Orthoptera, the posterior (rear) legs are adapted to leaping, and as such are always much longer than other legs. Phaneropterinae are generally well-camouflaged with green and brown colors being most prevalent, but there are exceptions including certain Aganacris and Scaphura that are Batesian mimics of wasps. The Phaneropterinae are largely arboreal in habitat. The vast majority of species live in shrubs and trees, feeding on leaves and twigs. Some species might potentially cause significant damage, though usually superficial, when present in large numbers, but this is rare; they usually are solitary, unlike meadow grasshoppers, so much so that they seldom come to human notice. The ovipositor and male genitalia vary according to the genus. The Phaneropterinae differ from other subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (and other Orthoptera) in their oviposition; their eggs are rarely deposited in the earth, but are either glued in double rows to twigs, or are inserted in the edges of leaves. == Taxonomy == The subfamily Phaneropterinae was first erected in 1838 by German zoologist Hermann Burmeister. As of January 2024, Orthoptera Species File lists the following tribes, subtribes, genus groups, and genera. === Acrometopini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Europe, the Middle East Acrometopa Fieber, 1853 Altihoratosphaga Hemp, Voje, Heller, Warchalowska-Sliwa & Hemp, 2010 Conchotopoda Karsch, 1887 Horatosphaga Schaum, 1853 Lamecosoma Ragge, 1960 Peronura Karsch, 1889 Peronurella Hemp, 2018 Prosphaga Ragge, 1960 Tenerasphaga Hemp, 2018 === Amblycoryphini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Africa === Barbitistini === Auth.: Jacobson, 1905 – Europe to central Asia === Catoptropterigini === Auth.: Massa, 2016 – Africa Catoptropteryx Karsch, 1890 Griffinipteryx Massa, 2016 === Ducetiini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, India, China, Indochina to Australia Abaxisotima Gorochov, 2005 Agnapha Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 Bulbistridulous Xia & Liu, 1991 Ducetia Stål, 1874 Kuwayamaea Matsumura & Shiraki, 1908 Noia Walker, 1870 Paraducetia Gorochov & Kang, 2002 Paragnapha Willemse, 1923 Prohimerta Hebard, 1922 Shirakisotima Furukawa, 1963 Subibulbistridulous Shi, 2002 === Dysoniini === Auth.: Rehn, 1950 – tropical Americas === Ectemnini === Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – tropical Americas Ectemna Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Euthyrrhachis Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 === Elimaeini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 – Asia Ectadia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Elimaea Stål, 1874 Hemielimaea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Orthelimaea Karny, 1926 === Holochlorini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Asia-Pacific === Insarini === Auth.: Rehn, & Hebard, 1914 – tropical & subtropical Americas Arethaea Stål, 1876 Brachyinsara Rehn & Hebard, 1914 Insara Walker, 1869 Psilinsara Hebard, 1932 === Kevaniellini === Auth.: Massa, 2017 – eastern Africa Kevaniella Chopard, 1954 === Letanini === Auth.: Hebard, 1922 – Asia Himertula Uvarov, 1940 Letana Walker, 1869 === Microcentrini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas === Mirolliini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Asia Amirollia Ingrisch, 2011 Deflorita Bolívar, 1906 Hemimirollia Ingrisch, 2011 Hueikaeana Ingrisch, 1998 Mirollia Stål, 1873 === Morgeniini === Auth.: Karsch, 1890 - central and western Africa Mangomaloba Sjöstedt, 1902 Morgenia Karsch, 1890 === Odonturini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Iberian peninsula, Africa, Pacific islands === Otiaphysini === Auth.: Karsch, 1889 - Africa Debrona Walker, 1870 Drepanophyllum Karsch, 1890 Stenamblyphyllum Karsch, 1896 Tetraconcha Karsch, 1890 === Pardalotini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 - Africa Pardalota Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Poecilogramma Karsch, 1887 === Percynini === Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – South America Percyna Grant, 1964 Sictuna Walker, 1869 === Phaneropterini === Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 – distributed worldwide === Phlaurocentrini === Auth.: Karsch, 1889 – Africa Buettneria Karsch, 1889 Leiodontocercus Chopard, 1954 Phlaurocentrum Karsch, 1889 === Phyllopterini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 === Plagiopleurini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America Diplophyllus Saussure, 1859 Parableta Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Plagiopleura Stål, 1873 === Plangiopsidini === Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa Plangiola Bolívar, 1906 Plangiopsis Karsch, 1889 === Poreuomenini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa Cestromoecha Karsch, 1893 Paraporeuomena Massa, 2018 Poreuomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 === Preussiini === Auth.: Karsch, 1890 – Africa Enochletica Karsch, 1896 Preussia Karsch, 1890 Weissenbornia Karsch, 1888 === Pycnopalpini === Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2014 – Central and South America === Scudderiini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas === Steirodontini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – subtropical and tropical parts of the Americas Cnemidophyllum Rehn, 1917 Emsleyfolium Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Alves-Oliveira, 2016 Nicklephyllum Cadena-Castañeda, 2016 Steirodon Serville, 1831 Stilpnochlora Stål, 1873 === Terpnistrini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Sri Lanka Diogena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Gelotopoia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 Terpnistria Stål, 1873 Terpnistrioides Ragge, 1980 Tropidophrys Karsch, 1896 === Trachyzulphini === Auth.: Gorochov, 2014 – China, Indochina, Malesia Trachyzulpha Dohrn, 1892 === Trigonocoryphini === Auth.: Bei-Bienko, 1954 – Middle East, India, Malaysia Cosmozoma Karsch, 1889 Megotoessa Karsch, 1889 Trigonocorypha Stål, 1873 === Tylopsidini === Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Europe, Middle East, western Asia Tylopsis Fieber, 1853 === Vossiini === Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa, Asia === Zeuneriini === Auth.: Karsh, 1890 - tropical Africa Gravenreuthia Karsch, 1892 Zeuneria Karsch, 1889 === Genus groups === Genus groups include: === Incertae sedis === These genera have not been placed in a tribe: == References == == External links == Media related to Phaneropterinae at Wikimedia Commons