Mel Brooks
Brooks in 2010
Born	Melvin James Kaminsky (1926-06-28) June 28, 1926 (age 100) New York City, U.S.
Occupations	Filmmaker comedian actor playwright songwriter
Years active	1949–present
Works	Full list
Style	Blue comedy clean comedy observational comedy sexual comedy musical comedy satire wit wordplay
Spouses	Florence Baum ​ ​ (m. 1953; div. 1962)​ Anne Bancroft ​ ​ (m. 1964; died 2005)​
Children	4, including Max
Awards	Full list
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Branch	United States Army
Service years	1944–1946
Rank	Corporal
Unit	78th Infantry Division, 1104th Engineer Combat Battalion, Special Services
Conflicts	World War II Battle of the Bulge

Melvin James Brooks (né Kaminsky; born June 28, 1926) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, songwriter, and playwright. With a career spanning over seven decades, he is known as a writer and director of a variety of successful broad farces and parodies.^[1] A recipient of numerous accolades, he is one of 28 entertainers to win the EGOT, which includes an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony. He received a Kennedy Center Honor in 2009, a Hollywood Walk of Fame star in 2010, the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2013, a British Film Institute Fellowship in 2015, a National Medal of Arts in 2016, a BAFTA Fellowship in 2017, and an Honorary Academy Award in 2024.

Brooks began his career as a comic and a writer for Sid Caesar's Your Show of Shows. There, he worked with Neil Simon, Woody Allen, Larry Gelbart, and Carl Reiner. With Reiner, he co-created the comedy sketch "The 2000 Year Old Man" and released several comedy albums, starting with 2000 Year Old Man in 1960. Brooks received five nominations for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album, finally winning in 1999. With Buck Henry, he created the satirical spy series Get Smart (1965–1970).

Brooks won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for The Producers (1967). He then rose to prominence directing a string of successful comedy films: The Twelve Chairs (1970), Blazing Saddles and Young Frankenstein (both 1974), Silent Movie (1976), and High Anxiety (1977). Later, Brooks made History of the World, Part I (1981), Spaceballs (1987), Life Stinks (1991), Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993), and Dracula: Dead and Loving It (1995).^[2] His musical adaptation of The Producers ran on Broadway from 2001 to 2007 and won 12 Tony Awards, breaking the previous record of 10, with Brooks personally winning three. The project was remade into a musical film in 2005. He wrote and produced the Hulu series History of the World, Part II (2023).

Brooks was married to actress Anne Bancroft from 1964 until her death in 2005; their son Max Brooks is an actor and author. Mel Brooks published the memoir All About Me! in 2021. The American Film Institute ranked three Mel Brooks films among the best comedies of the 20th century.

Brooks was born Melvin James Kaminsky^[3][4] on a tenement kitchen table on June 28, 1926, at 515 Powell Street^[5] in Brownsville, Brooklyn^[6] to Katie (née Brookman) and Max Kaminsky.^[7] He grew up in Williamsburg, Brooklyn on 365 South 3rd Street. His father's family were German Jews from Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland). His mother was a Russian Jewish immigrant from Kiev, in the Pale of Settlement of the Russian Empire (now Ukraine).^{[8][9][10][11][12]} His parents married in 1916. He had three older brothers: Irving, Lenny, and Bernie.^[13][14] His father died of tuberculosis of the kidney^[8] at 34 when Brooks was two years old.^[15] He has said of his father's death, "There's an outrage there. I may be angry at God, or at the world, for that. And I'm sure a lot of my comedy is based on anger and hostility. Growing up in Williamsburg, I learned to clothe it in comedy to spare myself problems—like a punch in the face."^[13][14]

Brooks was a small, sickly boy, who often was bullied and teased by his classmates because of his size.^[16] At age nine, he saw Anything Goes with William Gaxton, Ethel Merman, and Victor Moore at the Alvin Theater.^[17] After the show, he told his uncle that he was not going to work in the garment district like everyone else, but instead wanted to go into show business.^[18]

When Brooks was 14, he gained employment as a pool-side tummler (entertainer) at the Butler Lodge,^[19] a second-rate Borscht Belt hotel, where he met 18-year-old Sid Caesar.^[6] Brooks kept his guests amused with his crazy antics. In a Playboy interview, he explained that one day he stood at the edge of a diving board wearing a derby and a large alpaca overcoat with two suitcases full of rocks, and then announced: "Business is terrible! I can't go on!" before jumping, fully clothed, into the pool.^[6][8]

Brooks studied drums under jazz drummer Buddy Rich, who had also grown up in Williamsburg and was about 9 years older, and earned money as a musician from age 14.^[20] During his time as a drummer, he was given his first opportunity as a comedian at the age of 16, filling in for an ill emcee. During his teens, he changed his name to Melvin Brooks,^[21][22] after being confused with trumpeter Max Kaminsky. He considered using his mother's maiden name, but "Brookman" was too long to fit on his drums, so he shortened it to Brooks.^[23][20] Brooks graduated from Eastern District High School in Williamsburg in January 1944^[24] and intended to follow his older brother and enroll in Brooklyn College to study psychology.^[25][26]

In early 1944 in his senior year in high school, Brooks was recruited to take the Army General Classification Test, a Stanford–Binet-type IQ test.^[27] He received high scores and was sent to the Army Specialized Training Program at the Virginia Military Institute to be taught electrical engineering, horse riding, and saber fighting.^[27][28][29] In 1944, Brooks was drafted into the US Army.^[28] Twelve weeks later, when he turned 18, he officially joined the Army^[20] at Fort Dix,^[27] New Jersey, induction center, and was sent to the Field Artillery Replacement Training Center at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, for basic and radio operator training.^{[27][30][31][29]}

Brooks was then sent back to Fort Dix for overseas assignment.^[27] Brooks says he boarded SS Sea Owl at the Brooklyn Navy Yard around February 15, 1945.^[27] A reporter for the United States Department of Defense writes that Brooks arrived in France in November 1944, and later in Belgium, serving with the 78th Infantry Division as a forward artillery observer.^[28] In December 1944, a short while later, Brooks was transferred to the 1104th Engineer Combat Battalion as a combat engineer, participating in the Battle of the Bulge.^{[29][28][32][33]} Of his experience there, Brooks noted:

Along the roadside, you'd see bodies wrapped up in mattress covers and stacked in a ditch, and those would be Americans, that could be me. I sang all the time ... I never wanted to think about it ... Death is the enemy of everyone, and even though you hate Nazis, death is more of an enemy than a German soldier.^[34]

Stationed in Saarbrücken and Baumholder, the battalion was responsible for clearing booby-trapped buildings and defusing land mines as the Allies advanced into Nazi Germany.^[35][36][29] Brooks was tasked with land-mine location; defusing was done by a specialist.^[27] Brooks has stated that when he heard Germans singing over loudspeakers, he responded by singing American-Jewish singer Al Jolson's hit "Toot, Toot, Tootsie (Goo' Bye!)" into a bullhorn.^[37][38][39] Brooks spent time in the stockade after taking an anti-Semitic heckler's helmet off and smashing him in the head with his mess kit.^[40] His unit constructed the first Bailey bridge over the Roer River,^[27] later building bridges over the Rhine River.^[28] In April 1945, Brooks's unit conducted its last reconnaissance missions in the Harz Mountains, Germany.^[28]

With the end of the war in Europe, Brooks joined the Special Services as a comic touring Army bases, and he was made acting corporal, put in charge of entertainment at Wiesbaden,^[8][29] and performed at Fort Dix.^[8] In June 1946, Brooks was honorably discharged from the Army as a corporal.^[29][28]

After the war, Brooks's mother had secured him a job as a clerk at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, but he "got into a taxi and ordered the driver to take him to the Catskills",^[41] where he started working in various Borscht Belt resorts and nightclubs as a drummer and pianist. When a regular comic at one of the clubs was too sick to perform, Brooks started working as a stand-up comic, telling jokes and doing movie-star impressions. He also began acting in summer stock in Red Bank, New Jersey, and did some radio work.^[20] He eventually worked his way up to the comically aggressive job of tummler at Grossinger's, one of the Borscht Belt's most famous resorts.^[20][42]

In the years after the war, Brooks's hero was comedian Sid Caesar. Back in New York, Brooks would slink^[43] around trying to catch Caesar in between meetings to pitch him joke ideas. Eventually, Caesar cracked and paid Brooks a little cash to throw him gags....At 24, Brooks got his break as a full-time writer.^[44]

Brooks found more rewarding work behind the scenes, becoming a comedy writer for television. In 1949, his friend Sid Caesar hired him to write jokes for the DuMont/NBC series The Admiral Broadway Revue,^[45] paying him, off-the-books, $50 a week. In 1950, Caesar created the innovative variety comedy series Your Show of Shows and hired Brooks as a writer along with Reiner, Neil Simon, Danny Simon, and head writer Mel Tolkin.^[20] The writing staff proved widely influential.^[46] Reiner, as creator of The Dick Van Dyke Show, based Morey Amsterdam's character Buddy Sorell on Brooks.^[47] Likewise, the film My Favorite Year (1982) is loosely based on Brooks's experiences as a writer on the show, including an encounter with actor Errol Flynn.^[48] Neil Simon's play Laughter on the 23rd Floor (1993) is also loosely based on the production of the show, and the character Ira Stone is based on Brooks.^[49][50] Your Show of Shows ended in 1954 when performer Imogene Coca left to host her own show.^[51]

Caesar then created Caesar's Hour with most of the same cast and writers, including Brooks and adding Woody Allen and Larry Gelbart. It ran from 1954 until 1957.^[52][53] Brooks recalled: "When I was a fledgling comedy writer working for Sid Caesar on Your Show of Shows, our head writer was Mel Tolkin... I really looked up to him. (By the way, I was 5-foot-7 and he was six feet tall.) He was a bona fide intellectual, thoroughly steeped in the traditions of great Russian literature. One day, he handed me a book. He said to me, 'Mel, you're an animal from Brooklyn, but I think you have the beginnings of something called a mind.' The book was Dead Souls by the magnificent genius Nikolai Gogol. It was a revelation. I'd never read anything like it. It was hysterically funny and incredibly moving at the same time... It was a life-changing gift, and I still read it once a year to remind myself of what great comic writing can be."^[54] He recalled "I went to the library, and read all the books I could carry—Conrad, Fielding, Dostoevski, Gogol, Tolstoy. I decided that Tolstoy was the most gifted writer who ever lived. It’s like he stuck a pen in his heart and it didn’t even go through his mind on its way to the page. ... And I said to myself, ‘My God, I’m not a writer, I’m a talker.’"^[23]

And yet, as he himself would later admit to Kenneth Tynan, during this same mid-'50s period, working with Caesar often proved so stressful and humiliating that Brooks felt despondent enough to contemplate suicide thirteen or fourteen times, and said he even had the pills to do it. At one point, his wife Florence had to beg him not to jump off an uptown pedestrian bridge they were crossing.^[55]

Brooks and co-writer Carl Reiner had become close friends and began to casually improvise comedy routines when they were not working. In October 1959, for a Random House book launch of Moss Hart's autobiography, Act One, at Mamma Leone's, Mel Tolkin (standing in for Reiner) and Mel Brooks performed, and it was later recalled by Kenneth Tynan.^[23] Reiner played the straight-man interviewer and set Brooks up as anything from a Tibetan monk to an astronaut. As Reiner explained: "In the evening, we'd go to a party and I'd pick a character for him to play. I never told him what it was going to be."^[20]

On one of these occasions, Reiner's suggestion concerned a 2000-year-old man who had witnessed the crucifixion of Jesus Christ (who "came in the store, but never bought anything"), had been married several hundred times and had "over forty-two thousand children, and not one comes to visit me". At first, Brooks and Reiner only performed the routine for friends, but by the late 1950s, it gained a reputation in New York City. Tynan saw the comedy duo perform at a party in 1959 and wrote that Brooks "was the most original comic improvisor I had ever seen".^[20] In 1973, it was reported that Brooks and Reiner initially performed the routine at Norman Lear's Fire Island, New York home in the 1950s, with some of these earlier recordings also serving as the basis for one side of the 2000 and Thirteen with Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks album which was released that year.^[56]

In 1960, Brooks, without his family, moved from New York City to Hollywood, returning in 1961.^[57] Reiner and he began performing the "2000 Year Old Man" act on The Steve Allen Show. Their performances led to the release of the comedy album 2000 Years with Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks that sold over a million copies in 1961.^[20] They eventually expanded their routine with two more albums in 1961 and 1962, a revival in 1973, a 1975 animated TV special, and a reunion album in 1998.^[8] Despite being best friends, the "2000 Year Old Man" routine could at times also create "nervous tension" for Brooks and Reiner, with a New York Times article noting that they had in fact not performed the sketch on albums in over a decade by the time of its 1973 revival and how by this point in time that "both say the need to perform is gone."^[56]

At one point, when Brooks had financial and career struggles, the record sales from the 2000 Year Old Man were his chief source of income.^[8] Brooks adapted the 2000 Year Old Man character to create the 2500-Year-Old Brewmaster for Ballantine Beer in the 1960s. Interviewed by Dick Cavett in a series of ads, the Brewmaster (in a German accent, as opposed to the 2000 Year Old Man's Yiddish accent) said he was inside the original Trojan horse and "could've used a six-pack of fresh air".^[58]

Brooks was involved in the creation of the Broadway musical All American, which debuted on Broadway in 1962. He wrote the play with lyrics by Lee Adams and music by Charles Strouse. It starred Ray Bolger as a southern science professor at a large university, who uses the principles of engineering on the college's football team and the team begins to win games. It was directed by Joshua Logan, who script-doctored the second act and added a gay subtext to the plot. It ran for 80 performances and received two Tony Award nominations. The animated short film The Critic (1963), a satire of Norman McLaren's abstract animation, was conceived by Brooks and directed by Ernest Pintoff. Brooks supplied running commentary as the baffled moviegoer trying to make sense of the obscure visuals. It won the Academy Award for Animated Short Film.

With comedy writer Buck Henry, Brooks created the TV comedy Get Smart, about a bumbling James Bond–esque spy. Brooks said, "I was sick of looking at all those nice sensible situation comedies. They were such distortions of life... I wanted to do a crazy, unreal comic-strip kind of thing about something besides a family. No one had ever done a show about an idiot before. I decided to be the first."^[59] Starring Don Adams as Maxwell Smart, Agent 86, the series ran from 1965 until 1970, although Brooks had little involvement after the first season. It was highly rated for most of its production and won seven Primetime Emmy Awards,^[60] including Outstanding Comedy Series in 1968 and 1969.

During a press conference for All American, a reporter asked, "What are you going to do next?" and Brooks replied, "Springtime for Hitler," perhaps riffing on Springtime for Henry.^[61] For several years, Brooks toyed with a bizarre and unconventional idea about a musical comedy of Adolf Hitler.^[62] He explored the idea as a novel and a play before finally writing a script.^[20] He eventually found two producers to fund it, Joseph E. Levine and Sidney Glazier, and made his first feature film, The Producers (1967).^[63] It starred Gene Wilder and Zero Mostel as Leo Bloom and Max Bialystock, theater producers who plan to produce a flop, as "the IRS isn't interested in flops." Regarding Bloom, Brooks explained “I stole the name from Ulysses. I don’t know what it meant to James Joyce, but to me Leo Bloom always meant a vulnerable Jew with curly hair. In the course of any narrative, the major characters have to metamorphose. They have to go through an experience that forces them to learn something and change. So Leo was going to change, he was going to bloom."^[23]

The Producers was so brazen in its satire that major studios would not touch it, nor would many exhibitors. Brooks finally found an independent distributor who released it as an art film, a specialized attraction. At the 41st Academy Awards, Brooks won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film over Stanley Kubrick and John Cassavetes.^[64] The Producers became a smash underground hit, first on the nationwide college circuit, then in revivals and on home video. It premiered to a limited audience in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on November 22, 1967, before achieving a wide release in 1968.^[65]

Peter Sellers personally championed the film, paying for full-page ads in Variety and The New York Times.^[65] Roger Ebert included The Producers in his canon of Great Movies, and remembered being in an elevator with Brooks and Anne Bancroft shortly after it was released: "A woman got on the elevator, recognized him and said, 'I have to tell you, Mr. Brooks, that your movie is vulgar.' Brooks smiled benevolently. 'Lady', he said, 'it rose below vulgarity.'"^[66]

With the moderate financial success of The Producers, Glazier financed Brooks's next film, The Twelve Chairs (1970). Loosely based on Ilf and Petrov's 1928 Russian novel of the same name about materialism in post-revolutionary Russia, it stars Ron Moody, Frank Langella, and Dom DeLuise as three men individually searching for a fortune in diamonds hidden in a set of 12 antique chairs. Brooks makes a cameo as an alcoholic ex-serf who "yearns for the regular beatings of yesteryear". It was shot in Yugoslavia with a budget of $1.5 million. It received mixed reviews and was not financially successful.^[20]

Brooks then wrote an adaptation of Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer, but was unable to sell the idea to any studio and believed that his career was over. In 1972, he met agent David Begelman, who helped him set up a deal with Warner Bros. to hire Brooks (as well as Richard Pryor, Andrew Bergman, Norman Steinberg and Alan Uger) as a script doctor for an unproduced script called Tex-X. Eventually, Brooks was hired as director for what became Blazing Saddles (1974).^[20]

Blazing Saddles starred Cleavon Little, Gene Wilder, Harvey Korman, Slim Pickens, Madeline Kahn, Alex Karras and Brooks, with cameos by DeLuise and Count Basie. It had music by Brooks and John Morris, and a modest budget of $2.6 million. A satire on the Western film genre, it references older films such as Destry Rides Again (1939), The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948), High Noon (1952), and Once Upon a Time in the West (1968). In a surreal sequence towards the end, it references the extravagant musicals of Busby Berkeley. Brooks recalled “It was time to take two eyes, the way Picasso had done it, and put them on one side of the nose, because the official movie portrait of the West was simply a lie. For nine months, we worked together like maniacs. We went all the way—especially Richard Pryor, who was very brave and very far-out and very catalytic. I figured my career was finished anyway, so I wrote berserk, heartfelt stuff about white corruption and racism and Bible-thumping bigotry."^[23]

Blazing Saddles became the second-highest US grossing film of 1974, grossing $119.5 million in the United States and Canada. It was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress (for Madeline Kahn), Best Film Editing, and Best Original Song. It won the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Comedy – Written Directly for the Screen. In 2006, it was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. Brooks has said that the film "has to do with love more than anything else. I mean when that black guy rides into that Old Western town and even a little old lady says 'Up yours, nigger!', you know that his heart is broken. So it's really the story of that heart being mended."^[20] Brooks described the film as "a Jewish western with a black hero".^[23]

When Wilder replaced Gig Young as the Waco Kid, he did so only when Brooks agreed that his next film would be a script^[67] that Wilder had been working on: a spoof of the Universal series of Frankenstein films. After the filming of Blazing Saddles wrapped, Wilder and Brooks began writing Young Frankenstein and shot it in the spring of 1974. It starred Wilder, Marty Feldman, Peter Boyle, Teri Garr, Madeline Kahn, Cloris Leachman, and Kenneth Mars, with Gene Hackman in a cameo. Brooks's voice can be heard three times: as the wolf howl when the characters are on their way to the castle, as the voice of Victor Frankenstein, when the characters discover the laboratory, and as the sound of a cat when Wilder accidentally throws a dart out of the window. John Morris scored again, and Universal monsters special effects veteran Kenneth Strickfaden worked on the film.

Young Frankenstein was the third-highest-grossing film domestically of 1974, just behind Blazing Saddles with a gross of $86 million. It received Academy Award nominations for Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Sound. It received some of the best reviews of Brooks's career. Pauline Kael wrote: "Brooks makes a leap up as a director because, although the comedy doesn't build, he carries the story through ... [He] even has a satisfying windup, which makes this just about the only comedy of recent years that doesn't collapse."^[20] In 1975, at the height of his movie career, Brooks tried TV again with When Things Were Rotten, a Robin Hood parody that lasted only 13 episodes.

After his two hit films, Brooks got a call from Ron Clark, who had an audacious idea – the first feature-length silent comedy in four decades.^[68] Silent Movie (1976) was written by Brooks and Clark, and starred Brooks in his first leading role, with DeLuise, Feldman, Sid Caesar, Bernadette Peters, and in cameo roles playing themselves: Paul Newman, Burt Reynolds, James Caan, Liza Minnelli, Anne Bancroft, and mime Marcel Marceau, who uttered the film's only word of audible dialogue: "Non!" It is an homage to silent comedians Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton, among others. It was not as successful as Brooks's previous two films, but grossed $36 million. Later that year, he was named fifth on the Top Ten Money Making Stars Poll.^[20] Reviews were favorable; Roger Ebert praised it as "not only funny, but fun. It's clear at almost every moment that the filmmakers had a ball making it." Regarding the film's inside jokes, Ebert wrote, "the thing about Brooks's inside jokes is that their outsides are funny, too."^[69]

High Anxiety (1977), Brooks's parody of Alfred Hitchcock, was written by Brooks, Ron Clark, Rudy De Luca, and Barry Levinson, and was the first movie Brooks produced himself. Starring Brooks, Kahn, Leachman, Harvey Korman, Ron Carey, Howard Morris, and Dick Van Patten, it satirizes such Hitchcock films as Suspicion, Spellbound, North by Northwest, Psycho, The Birds' and Vertigo. Brooks plays Professor Richard H. (Harpo) Thorndyke, a Nobel Prize–winning psychologist who suffers from "high anxiety".^[20]

By 1980, Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert had referred to Mel Brooks and Woody Allen as "the two most successful comedy directors in the world today ... America's two funniest filmmakers".^[70] Released that year was the dramatic film The Elephant Man directed by David Lynch and produced by Brooks. Brooks had been bowled over by Lynch's Eraserhead (1977). Knowing that anyone seeing a poster reading "Mel Brooks presents The Elephant Man" would expect a comedy, he set up the company Brooksfilms. It has since produced a number of non-comedy films, including David Cronenberg's The Fly (1986). It also produced Richard Benjamin's My Favorite Year (1982), partially based on Brooks's life. Brooks sought to purchase the rights to Helene Hanff's 84 Charing Cross Road for Anne Bancroft for many years. 84 Charing Cross Road was released in 1987.

In 1981, Brooks joked that the only genres that he had not spoofed were historical epics and Biblical spectacles.^[20] History of the World, Part I was a tongue-in-cheek look at human culture from the Dawn of Man to the French Revolution. Written, produced and directed by Brooks, with narration by Orson Welles, it was another modest financial hit, earning $31 million. It received mixed critical reviews. Kael wrote, "Either you get stuck thinking about the bad taste or you let yourself laugh at the obscenity in the humor as you do Buñuel's perverse dirty jokes."^[71]

Brooks produced and starred in (but did not write or direct) a remake of Ernst Lubitsch's To Be or Not to Be (1942). His 1983 version was directed by Alan Johnson and starred Brooks, Anne Bancroft, Charles Durning, Tim Matheson, Jose Ferrer and Christopher Lloyd. It generated international publicity by featuring a controversial song on its soundtrack—"To Be or Not to Be (The Hitler Rap)"—satirizing German society in the 1940s, with Brooks playing Hitler.

The second movie Brooks directed in the 1980s was Spaceballs (1987), a parody of science fiction, mainly Star Wars. It starred Bill Pullman, John Candy, Rick Moranis, Daphne Zuniga, Dick Van Patten, Joan Rivers, DeLuise, and Brooks.

In 1989, Brooks (with co-executive producer Alan Spencer) made another attempt at television success with the sitcom The Nutt House, featuring Brooks regulars Harvey Korman and Cloris Leachman. It was originally broadcast on NBC, but the network aired only five of the eleven produced episodes before canceling the series. During the next decade, Brooks directed Life Stinks (1991), Robin Hood: Men in Tights (1993), and Dracula: Dead and Loving It (1995). People magazine wrote, "Anyone in a mood for a hearty laugh couldn't do better than Robin Hood: Men in Tights, which gave fans a parody of Robin Hood, especially Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves."^[72] Like Brooks's other films, it is filled with one-liners and the occasional breaking of the fourth wall. Robin Hood: Men in Tights was Brooks's second time exploring the life of Robin Hood (the first, as mentioned above, being his 1975 TV show When Things Were Rotten). Life Stinks, inspired by Preston Sturges's Sullivan's Travels (1941), was a financial and critical failure, but is notable as the only film Brooks directed that is neither a parody nor a film about other films or theater.

Brooks created the musical adaptation of his film The Producers on the Broadway in 2001. The production starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick received critical acclaim and was a significant box office success. The New York Times theatre critic Ben Brantley praised the production writing, "Mr. Brooks has taken what could have been overblown camp into a far warmer realm in which affection always outweighs irony."^[73] The production broke the Tony Award record with 12 wins, including the Tony Award for Best Musical. It led to a 2005 film of the same name with Lane, Broderick, Gary Beach, and Roger Bart reprising their stage roles, and new cast members Uma Thurman and Will Ferrell.

In early April 2006, Brooks began composing the score to a Broadway musical adaptation of Young Frankenstein, which he says is "perhaps the best movie [he] ever made". The world premiere was at Seattle's Paramount Theater, between August 7, 2007, and September 1, 2007, after which it opened on Broadway at the former Lyric Theater (then the Hilton Theatre), New York, on October 11, 2007. It earned mixed reviews. In the final musical number, the full company sings, "next year, Blazing Saddles!" In 2010, Brooks confirmed a Blazing Saddles musical was in development, saying that it could be finished within a year; however, no creative team or plan has been announced.^[74] In the 2000s, Brooks worked on an animated series sequel to Spaceballs, Spaceballs: The Animated Series, which premiered in 2008, on G4 TV.

Brooks has lent his voice to animation, making a cameo in The Simpsons episode "Homer vs. Patty and Selma".^[75] He voiced Bigweld, the master inventor, in Robots (2005), and in Mr. Peabody & Sherman (2014), he voiced Albert Einstein. He voiced Dracula's father, Vlad, in Hotel Transylvania 2 (2015)^[76] and Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (2018).

In 2021, at age 95, Brooks published a memoir titled All About Me!.^[77] On October 18, 2021, it was announced that Brooks would write and produce History of the World, Part II, a follow-up TV series on Hulu to his 1981 movie.^[78] He received a nomination for Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Character Voice-Over Performance for his role as the narrator in the series.

In June 2025, Brooks announced a sequel to Spaceballs, Spaceballs: The New One, was being produced with a release date targeted for 2027.^[79] The same month, it was announced that Brooks would be executive-producing Very Young Frankenstein, a television project, for FX.^[80]

The HBO documentary film Mel Brooks: The 99 Year Old Man! was released for streaming on HBO Max in January 2026.^[81][82]

Brooks is one of the few people who have received an Oscar, an Emmy, a Tony, and a Grammy.^[83] He won his first Grammy for Best Spoken Comedy Album in 1999 for The 2000 Year Old Man in the Year 2000 with Carl Reiner. His two other came in 2002 for Best Musical Show Album for the cast album of The Producers and for Best Long Form Music Video for the DVD Recording the Producers: A Musical Romp with Mel Brooks.

He won an Emmy in 1967 for Outstanding Writing Achievement in Variety for a Sid Caesar special, and again in 1997, 1998, and 1999 for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for his role of Uncle Phil on Mad About You. He won his Oscar, for Best Original Screenplay, in 1968, for the film version of The Producers.^[64] He won three Tonys, for for Best Musical, Best Original Score and Best Book of a Musical for the stage adaptation of The Producers.

Brooks also won Hugo and Nebula awards for Young Frankenstein.^[84] In a 2005 poll by Channel 4 to find The Comedian's Comedian, he was voted No. 50 of the top 50 comedy acts ever by fellow comedians and comedy insiders.^[85] The American Film Institute (AFI) lists three of Brooks's films on its AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs list: Blazing Saddles (number 6), The Producers (number 11), and Young Frankenstein (number 13).^[86]

In December 2009, Brooks was one of five recipients of the 2009 Kennedy Center Honors at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, DC.^[87] He was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame in April 2010, with a motion pictures star located at 6712 Hollywood Boulevard.^[88][89] American Masters produced a biography of Brooks which premiered in May 2013 on PBS.^[90]

The AFI presented Brooks with its highest tribute, the AFI Life Achievement Award, in June 2013.^[91][92] In 2014, Brooks was honored in a handprint and footprint ceremony at TCL Chinese Theatre. His concrete handprints include a six-fingered left hand as he wore a prosthetic finger when making his prints.^[93] In March 2015, he received a British Film Institute Fellowship from the British Film Institute.^[94]

In 2018, Brooks received the Polish Gold Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture.^[95]

Brooks met Florence Baum,^[96] a dancer in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, on Broadway.^[97][98] They were married from 1953 until their divorce in 1962. They had three children.^[99] After earning a salary of $5,000 a week on Your Show of Shows and Caesar's Hour,^[100] his salary dropped to $85 a week as a freelance writer. For five years he had few gigs, and was living in Greenwich Village on Perry Street in a fourth-floor walk-up.^[61] In 1960, to escape his situation, Brooks moved in with a friend, in Los Angeles.^[57] In 1961, after his return to New York, he found that Baum had begun suing him for legal separation. Marriage Is a Dirty Rotten Fraud^[101] was an autobiographical script based on his marriage.^[44][17] By 1966, Brooks was "living in a fairly old but comfortable New York town house".^[58]

Brooks married actress Anne Bancroft in 1964, and they remained together for 41 years until her death in 2005.^[102] They met at a rehearsal for the Perry Como Variety Show in 1961, and were married three years later on August 5, 1964, at the Manhattan Marriage Bureau.^[102][103] Their son, Max Brooks, was born in 1972.^[102][103] In 2010, Brooks credited Bancroft as "the guiding force" behind his involvement in developing The Producers and Young Frankenstein for the musical theater, saying of his first meeting with her: "From that day, until her death ... we were glued together."^[104] He has remained single since she died, stating in 2023 that "Once you are married to Anne Bancroft, others don't seem to be appealing".^[105] Brooks said of Bancroft, “She had good taste in everything—except husbands."^[106]

According to actor David DeLuise on Wizards of Waverly Pod, Brooks is his godfather; DeLuise's father, Dom DeLuise, was a frequent co-star of Brooks in his earlier career.^[107]

On June 28, 2026, Brooks turned 100.^[108]

Brooks is a voracious reader; in a profile for The New Yorker, Tynan describes "Brooks the secret connoisseur, worshiper of good writing, and expert on the Russian classics, with special reverence to Gogol, Turgenev, Dostoevski, and Tolstoy." He kept a photograph of Tolstoy above his desk.^[23] In The Producers, Bialystock refers to Bloom as "Prince Myshkin", a character from Dostoevsky's The Idiot, and the name Leo Bloom is a reference to Leopold Bloom, hero of Joyce's Ulysses.^[109] He was a close friend of Joseph Heller, author of Catch-22.^[23]

Regarding religion, Brooks stated, "I'm rather secular. I'm basically Jewish. But I think I'm Jewish not because of the Jewish religion at all. I think it's the relationship with the people and the pride I have. The tribe surviving so many misfortunes, and being so brave and contributing so much knowledge to the world and showing courage".^[110]

Brooks has often expressed pride in his Jewish identity. In 2021, Brooks told NPR's Terry Gross: "I love being a Jew, I love Jewish humor..."^[111]

On Jewish cinema, Brooks said, "They can be anything and anywhere ... if there's a tribal thing, like, the 'please God, protect us' feeling ... we don't know where and how it's gonna come out. Avatar was a Jewish movie ... these people on the run, chasing—and being pursued".^[112]

Brooks endorsed Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election in his first-ever public endorsement of a political candidate.^[113][114] He endorsed Kamala Harris in the 2024 presidential election.^[115]

• 2000 Years with Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks (World Pacific Records, 1960)^[116]
• 2001 Years with Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks (Capitol Records, 1961)
• Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks at the Cannes Film Festival (Capitol Records, 1962)
• 2000 and Thirteen with Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks (Warner Bros. Records, 1973)^[117]
• The Incomplete Works of Carl Reiner & Mel Brooks (Warner Bros. Records, 1973)
• Excerpts from The Complete 2000 Year Old Man (Rhino Records, 1994)^[118]
• The 2000 Year Old Man in the Year 2000 (Rhino Records, 1997)

• The Producers (RCA Victor, 1968)
• High Anxiety – Original Soundtrack (Asylum Records, 1978)
• History of the World, Part I (Warner Bros. Records, 1981)
• To Be or Not to Be (Island Records, 1984)
• The Producers: Original Broadway Recording (Sony Classical, 2001)

• History of the World, Part I (Mel Brooks)
• The 2000 Year Old Man: The Collected Recorded Wisdom of the Venerable Sage in One Fully Illustrated Volume (Mel Brooks, Carl Reiner, illustrations by Leo Salkin)
• The 2000 Year Old Man in the Year 2000: The Book (Mel Brooks and Carl Reiner)
• High Anxiety (Mel Brooks, Ron Clark, Rudy DeLuca, Barry Levinson, novelization by Robert H. Pilpel)
• The Producers: The Book, Lyrics, and Story Behind the Biggest Hit in Broadway History! (Mel Brooks and Tom Meehan)
• The Producers: Voice Line with Piano Accompaniment Format Piano, Vocal and Guitar Chords (Mel Brooks)
• The Producers Songbook: Piano/Vocal Highlights (Mel Brooks)
• Paul on Mazursky (Sam Wasson, with foreword by Mel Brooks)
• Young Frankenstein: The Story of the Making of the Film (Mel Brooks, Rebecca Keegan, with foreword by Judd Apatow)
• All About Me!: My Remarkable Life in Show Business (Mel Brooks)

• Adler, Bill, and Jeffrey Feinman. Mel Brooks: The Irreverent Funnyman. Chicago: Playboy Press, 1976. OCLC 3121552.
• Brooks, Mel; Keegan, Rebecca (October 18, 2016). Young Frankenstein: A Mel Brooks Book: The Story of the Making of the Film. Running Press. ISBN 978-0-316-31546-3.
• Brooks, Mel. All About Me: My Remarkable Life in Show Business. New York: Ballantine, 2021.
• Crick, Robert A. The Big Screen Comedies of Mel Brooks. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2002. ISBN 978-0-7864-1033-0. OCLC 49991416.
• Holtzman, William. Seesaw, a Dual Biography of Anne Bancroft and Mel Brooks. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1979. ISBN 978-0-385-13076-9.
• McGilligan, Patrick. Funny Man: Mel Brooks. Harper, 2019, ISBN 978-0062560995.
• Parish, James Robert (2007). It's Good to Be the King: The Seriously Funny Life of Mel Brooks. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. ISBN 978-0471752677. OCLC 69331761.
• Symons, Alex. Mel Brooks in the Cultural Industries: Survival and Prolonged Adaptation. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-7486-4958-7. OCLC 806201078.
• Yacowar, Maurice. Method in Madness: The Comic Art of Mel Brooks. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1981. ISBN 978-0-312-53142-3. OCLC 7556005.

• Mel Brooks at the American Film Institute Catalog
• Mel Brooks at the TCM Movie Database (archived)
• Mel Brooks at the Internet Broadway Database
• Mel Brooks at Emmys.com
• Mel Brooks at AllMusic
• Carl Reiner & Mel Brooks discography at Discogs
• Mel Brooks – Box Office Data Movie Director at The Numbers
• Mel Brooks – Box Office Data Movie Star at The Numbers
• Mel Brooks at IMDb
• Mel Brooks at Virtual-History.com (Photographs and Books)
• Topic: Mel Brooks's channel on YouTube (2000 Year Old Man)
• The Official MEL BROOKS's channel on YouTube

Interviews

• Mel Brooks interview with Studs Terkel on WFMT, July 2, 1968
• Mel Brooks interview on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs, July 4, 1978
• Mel Brooks interview on NPR's Fresh Air (January 1, 2004)
• Mel Brooks interview on NPR's Fresh Air (December 7, 2021)
• Biographer James Robert Parish interview (2007)—Alt Film Guide