"Satrapi" redirects here. For the jurisdiction of an ancient Persian governor, see Satrap.

Marjane Satrapi
مرجان ساتراپی
Satrapi in 2008
Born
Marjane Ebrahimi

(1969-11-22)22 November 1969
Rasht, Imperial State of Iran
Died June 2026(2026-06-00) (aged 56)
Paris, France
Citizenship
  • Iran
  • France
Occupations
  • Artist
  • film director
  • writer
Notable work
  • Persepolis
  • Chicken with Plums
  • The Voices
  • Embroideries
  • Radioactive
Spouses
  • Reza
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1989; div. 1994)​
  • Mattias Ripa
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1996; died 2025)​
Awards Full list

Marjane Satrapi ( French: [maʁʒan satʁapi]; Persian: مرجان ساتراپی, [mæɾˈdʒɒːn(e) sɒːtɾɒːˈpiː];[a] 22 November 1969 – June 2026[1]) was an Iranian and French[2][3] comic book author, film director, and children's book author.

Her best-known works include the graphic novel Persepolis and its film adaptation; the graphic novel Chicken with Plums; Woman, Life, Freedom;[4] and the Marie Curie biopic Radioactive.

The success of Persepolis established Satrapi as one of the most widely read Iranian authors in the world, and her role in co-directing the film adaptation led to her becoming the first woman to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.[5]

Early life

Satrapi was born on 22 November 1969 in Rasht,[6][7] northwestern Iran,[8] where she spent her first 20 days before the family moved to Tehran, where she grew up in an upper-middle class Iranian family and attended the French-language Razi High School.[9][10]

Both her parents were politically active and supported leftist causes against the monarchy of the last Shah. According to Satrapi, her maternal great-grandfather was Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, who was the shah of Iran from 1848 to 1896.[8] Satrapi said her maternal grandfather was once the governor of Gilan province. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979, her parents lived under the rule of Islamic fundamentalists who had taken power.[9]

During her youth, Satrapi was exposed to the growing brutalities of the various regimes. Many of her family and friends were persecuted, arrested, and murdered. She greatly admired her paternal uncle, Anushirvan Ebrahimi [ru], who had been a political prisoner and lived in exile in the Soviet Union for a time. In turn, he doted on her and treated her more as a daughter than a niece. Upon his return to Iran, Ebrahimi was arrested again in 1982 and sentenced to death; he requested Satrapi when allowed to select a single visitor the night before his execution.[11] His body was buried in an unmarked grave at the Evin Prison.[12]

Although Satrapi's parents encouraged her to be strong-willed and defend her rights, they grew concerned for her safety. In her teens, she skirted trouble with police for disregarding modesty codes and buying music banned by the regime.[13]

When Satrapi was 14, her parents arranged for her to live with a family friend to study abroad, and in 1983 she arrived in Vienna, Austria, to attend the Lycée Français de Vienne.[14] She stayed in Vienna through her secondary school years, often moving from one residence to another and sometimes staying at friends' homes. Eventually, she became homeless and lived on the streets for three months, until she was hospitalized for a near-fatal bout of bronchitis.[15]

Upon recovery, she returned to Iran and studied visual communication, obtaining a master's degree from Islamic Azad University in Tehran.[16]

When she was 21, Satrapi married a veteran of the Iran–Iraq War, whom she divorced after three years. After the divorce, she moved to Strasbourg, France, to study at the Haute école des arts du Rhin (HEAR). Her parents encouraged her to stay in Europe permanently.[17] Apart from her native language, Persian, she spoke five European languages – French, English, Swedish, German, and Italian.[18]

Career

Comics

Satrapi became famous worldwide for her autobiographical comic books, originally published in French in four parts from 2000 to 2003 and in English in two parts in 2003 and 2004, respectively, as Persepolis and Persepolis 2. They depict her childhood in Iran and adolescence in Europe following the Iranian revolution.[19]

Satrapi preferred the term "comic book" to "graphic novel".[20] "People are so afraid to say the word 'comic'", she told The Guardian in 2011. "It makes you think of a grown man with pimples, a ponytail and a big belly. Change it to 'graphic novel' and that disappears. No: it's all comics."[21]

In 2019, Persepolis ranked 47th on The Guardian's list of the 100 best books of the 21st century.[22] In 2024, it ranked 48th on the New York Times's list of the 100 best books of the 21st century.[23]

Persepolis won the Angoulême Coup de Coeur Award at the Angoulême International Comics Festival. In 2013, Chicago schools were ordered by the district to remove Persepolis from classrooms because of its graphic language and violence. The ban incited protests and controversy.[24] Her later publication Embroideries (Broderies) was also nominated for the Angoulême Album of the Year award in 2003, an award her graphic novel Chicken with Plums (Poulet aux prunes) won in 2005.[25][26] She also contributed to the op-ed section of The New York Times.[27]

ComicsAlliance listed Satrapi as one of 12 women cartoonists deserving of lifetime achievement recognition.[28]

Films

Marjane Satrapi at the premiere of Persepolis

Persepolis was adapted into an animated film of the same name. It debuted at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival in May and shared a Special Jury Prize with Carlos Reygadas's Silent Light (Luz silenciosa).[29] Co-written and co-directed by Satrapi and director Vincent Paronnaud, the French-language picture stars the voices of Chiara Mastroianni, Catherine Deneuve, Danielle Darrieux, and Simon Abkarian. The English version, starring the voices of Gena Rowlands, Sean Penn, and Iggy Pop, was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 80th Academy Awards in January 2008.[30] Satrapi was the first woman to be nominated for the award. The Iranian government denounced the film and got it dropped from the Bangkok International Film Festival.[31] Persepolis was a successful film commercially (with over a million admissions in France alone) and critically, winning Best First Film at the César Awards 2008. The film reflects many tendencies of first-time filmmaking in France, such as a focus on intimate rites of passage and ambivalent recounting of coming-of-age moments.[32]

In late 2011, Satrapi and Paronnaud continued their success with another film adaptation of one of Satrapi's graphic novels—the live-action comedy drama Chicken with Plums. It follows one of Satrapi's relatives' final days, as he has lost the will to live.[33][34]

In 2012, Satrapi directed and acted in the comedy crime film La bande des Jotas (Gang of the Jotas), from her own screenplay.[35][36]

In 2014, Satrapi directed the black comedy film The Voices, from a screenplay by Michael R. Perry.[37] The film stars Ryan Reynolds, Anna Kendrick, and Gemma Arterton,[38] and follows a factory worker with schizophrenia whose hallucinations drive him to commit murder while conversing with his talking pets and the severed heads of his victims.[39]

In 2019, Satrapi directed Radioactive, a biopic of two-time Nobel Prize winner Marie Curie. It is an adaptation of a book of the same name. Initially intended to premiere in 2020, it was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and later released online.[40]

In 2021, Satrapi starred in the French animated short film The Soloists, voicing Ava, one of the three eponymous sisters fighting to express their musical talents in a country with blatantly sexist laws.[41]

In 2024, Satrapi directed another black comedy, Dear Paris (Paradis Paris), which was featured at the Torino Film Festival. It explores several interconnected stories of people's lives affected by death.[42][43]

Political activism

After the Iranian elections in June 2009, Satrapi and Iranian filmmaker Mohsen Makhmalbaf appeared before Green Party members in the European Parliament to present a document allegedly received from a member of the Iranian electoral commission claiming that the reform candidate, Mir Hossein Mousavi, had actually won the election, and that the conservative incumbent, Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, had received only 12% of the vote.[44]

In 2022, Satrapi voiced her support for the Mahsa Amini protests.[45] She continued on this path by directing and coordinating a graphic anthology documenting the uprising and its cultural context for Western audiences in solidarity with these women.[46] She believed in the Woman, Life, Freedom movement as a cultural revolution.[47] She also supported protests for freedom and rights against the regime in Iran.[48][49]

In January 2025, Satrapi refused the Legion of Honour, France's highest and most prestigious award, citing French hypocrisy toward Iranian people.[50] In an open letter addressed to the Minister of Culture, she explained her discontent regarding France's visa policies, writing, "I can't continue seeing the children of Iranian oligarchs come to spend their holidays in France, even become naturalised, while at the same time young dissidents have difficulty in obtaining a tourist visa to come to see what the country of the Enlightenment and human rights looks like."[51] She wrote, "supporting the women's revolution in Iran cannot be reduced to photos with victims or celebrities during commemorations of the death of Mahsa Amini ... Iranians don't need communication, we need concrete actions."[52] Satrapi emphasised that her rejection of the decoration "is in no way an action or a thought against France. On the contrary, I deeply love this country, which is my country."[52]

Personal life and death

Satrapi lived in Paris, France,[9] where she met Swedish actor and producer Mattias Ripa.[53] She was married to Ripa until his death from cancer on 8 April 2025 at the age of 53.[54] After Ripa's death, Satrapi set up the Mattias and Marjane Ripa-Satrapi Cinema Foundation as a way to provide support for foreign students who want to study filmmaking in Paris.[53]

The loss of her husband led to Satrapi experiencing severe depression, and in April 2026 she visited a clinic in Munich, Germany hoping to recover.[55] In June 2026, she died in Paris at the age of 56.[56][57] On June 3, her family announced in a statement that she had "died of sadness" over her husband's death.[58][59][60] Numerous public figures paid tribute to Satrapi, including writer Margaret Atwood, President of France Emmanuel Macron, and Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi.[61][62][63]

Awards

  • 2001: Angoulême Coup de Coeur Award for Persepolis[64]
  • 2002: Angoulême Prize for Scenario for Persepolis: Tome 2[65]
  • 2005: Angoulême Best Comic Book Award for Poulet aux prunes[26]
  • 2007: Jury Prize for Persepolis (tied with Silent Light), Cannes Film Festival[29]
  • 2007: Best Animation: Los Angeles Film Critics Association[30]
  • 2008: Gat Perich Award[66]
  • 2008: Lulu of the Year Award (Friends of Lulu)[67]
  • 2009: Doctor honoris causa both at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Université catholique de Louvain from Belgium[68]
  • 2013: Noor Iranian Film Festival award for Best Feature Film Director (shared with Vincent Paronnaud), for Chicken with Plums[69]
  • 2024: Princess of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities.[70]
  • 2025: (Declined) Legion of Honour.[52]

Works

French

  • Persepolis, vol. 1 (2000). Paris: L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-058-0.
  • Persepolis, vol. 2 (2001). L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-079-3.
  • Persepolis, vol. 3 (2002). L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-104-8.
  • Persepolis, vol. 4 (2003). L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-137-4.
  • Sagesses et malices de la Perse (2001, with Lila Ibrahim-Ouali and Bahman Namwar-Motalg, Albin Michel, ISBN 2-226-11872-1)
  • Les monstres n'aiment pas la lune (2001, Nathan Jeunesse, ISBN 2-09-282094-X)
  • Ulysse au pays des fous (2001, with Jean-Pierre Duffour, Nathan Jeunesse, ISBN 2-09-210847-6)
  • Ajdar (2002, Nathan Jeunesse, ISBN 2-09-211033-0)
  • Broderies (2003, L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-095-5)
  • Poulet aux prunes (2004). Paris: L'Association, ISBN 2-84414-159-5.
  • Le Soupir (2004, Bréal Jeunesse, ISBN 2-7495-0325-6)
  • Femme, vie, liberté (2023, L'Iconoclaste, ISBN 2-37880-378-8)[71]

English

  • Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood. Vol. 1. New York: Pantheon Books. 2003. ISBN 978-0-375-42230-0.
  • Persepolis: The Story of a Return. Vol. 2. New York: Pantheon Books. 2004. ISBN 978-0-375-42288-1.
  • The Complete Persepolis. New York: Pantheon Books. 2007. ISBN 978-0-375-71483-2.
  • Embroideries (2005, Pantheon ISBN 978-0-375-42305-5)
  • Chicken with Plums (2006). New York: Pantheon Books, ISBN 978-0-375-42415-1.
  • Monsters Are Afraid of the Moon (2006, Bloomsbury, ISBN 1-58234-744-1)
  • The Sigh. Bloom Entertainment. 2011. ISBN 978-1-936393-46-6
  • Woman, Life, Freedom. Seven Stories Press. 2024. ISBN 978-1-64421-405-3.

Filmography

Year Title Director Writer Notes Ref.
2007 Persepolis Yes Yes Co-directed with Vincent Paronnaud [72]
2011 Chicken with Plums Yes Yes
2012 Gang of the Jotas [fr] Yes Yes [73]
2014 The Voices Yes No
2019 Radioactive Yes No [74]
2024 Dear Paris Yes Yes [75]

Acting roles

Year Title Role Notes Ref.
2007 Persepolis Actress/Gossip/Schloss (narration) Voice roles
2009 The French Kissers Saleswoman from the music store
2012 Gang of the Jotas The woman
2017 The Simpsons Herself (narration) Episode "Springfield Splendor"
2021 The Soloists Ava Voice role [76]
2024 Dear Paris Director of the action film

Awards and nominations

Year Award Category Title Result Ref.
2007 Cinema for Peace Foundation Most Valuable Film of the Year Persepolis Won [77]
Academy Awards Best Animated Feature Nominated [78]
BAFTA Awards Best Film Not in the English Language Nominated [79]
Best Animated Film Nominated
Golden Globe Awards Best Foreign Language Film Nominated [80]

See also

  • List of Iranian women in design
  • List of Muslim feminists
  • List of women comics creators

Notes

  1. ^ The [-e] is the izāfa, which is a grammatical marker linking two words together. It is not indicated in writing, and is not part of the name itself, but is pronounced in Persian language when a first and last name are used together.

References

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Further reading

  • Chute, Hillary L. (2010). Graphic Women: Life Narrative and Contemporary Comics. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-15062-0. OCLC 496610090.
  • Tensuan, Theresa M. (Winter 2006). "Comic Visions and Revisions in the work of Lynda Barry and Marjane Satrapi". Modern Fiction Studies. 52 (4): 947–964. doi:10.1353/mfs.2007.0010. S2CID 145598256.
  • Bhoori, Aisha (2014). "Reframing the Axis of Evil" Archived 15 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Harvard Political Review
  • Patricia Storace: A Double Life in Black and White, The Perseopolis books and Satrapi's early life in exile, New York Review of Books, 7 April 2005