Assam Legislative Assembly
16th Assam Assembly
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
Unicameral
of the Assam Legislature
Term limits
5 years
History
Founded 7 April 1937
(89 years ago) (1937-04-07)[1]
Leadership
Governor
Lakshman Prasad Acharya
Speaker of the house
vacant
Deputy Speaker of the house
vacant
Chief Minister
(Leader of the House)
Himanta Biswa Sarma, BJP
Leader of the Opposition
vacant
Deputy Leader of the Opposition
vacant
Structure
Seats 126
Political groups
Government (102)
  NDA (102)
  •   BJP (82)
  •   AGP (10)
  •   BPF (10)

Official Opposition (21)

  ASM (21)
  •   INC (19)
  •   RD (2)

Others (3)

  •   AIUDF (2)
  •   AITC (1)
Elections
Voting system
First past the post
Last election
9 April 2026
Next election
2031
Meeting place
Assam Legislative Assembly complex,
Dispur, Guwahati, Assam, India - 781006.
Website
www.assambidhansabha.org

The Assam Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Assam. It is housed in Dispur, the capital city of Assam, geographically situated in present Western Assam region. The Legislative Assembly comprises 126 Members of Legislative Assembly, directly elected from single-seat constituencies. Its term is five years, unless sooner dissolved. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker, currently unoccupied.[2]

Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Assam through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in April–May 2021, and the next election is scheduled for 2026. The Assembly plays a key role in law-making for the state, handling crucial matters such as state budgets, development policies, and local governance. It has the authority to legislate on issues specified under the State and Concurrent Lists of the Constitution of India.

The Assembly functions through various committees that handle specific issues, including the budget, public accounts, and legislative procedures. The Chief Minister, who is the leader of the majority party in the Assembly, holds executive powers and is the head of the state government. The current Chief Minister is Himanta Biswa Sarma from the BJP, who has been in office since May 2021.

The 2021 election was the BJP securing a simple victory, while the INC emerged as the main opposition party, alongside its allies such as the AIUDF and BPF.

History

Assam Legislative Assembly

According to provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, a bicameral legislature of Assam province came into existence in 1937. After the Government of India Act 1935 was passed, it paved the way for the formation of Assam Legislative Assembly, and became a bicameral legislature. The strength of the House was 108, where all the members were elected. The Legislative Council (Upper House) was not less than 21 and not more than 22 members.

The first sitting of its lower house, the Assam Legislative Assembly, took place on 7 April 1937 in the Assembly Chamber at Shillong. Shillong was the capital of the composite State of Assam. It had a strength of 108 members. However, the strength of the Assembly was reduced to 71 after the partition of India.

After Indian independence, the Assam Legislative Council was abolished in 1952 and the Assam Legislative Assembly became unicameral. The reconstituted assembly had 108 members with 31 seats reserved for Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes.[3]

In the years that followed, Assam was truncated to several smaller states. And over the years, with the changing geographical boundaries and increase in population, the strength of members has changed from 108 in 1952–57 to 114 in 1967-72 (the third Assembly) and by 1972-78 (the fifth Assembly) it had a strength of 126 members.[4]

Office bearers

This section is transcluded from 16th Assam Assembly. (edit | history)
S.No Position Portrait Name Party Constituency Office Taken Reference
1 Speaker TBA BJP
2 Deputy Speaker
3 Leader of the House
(Chief Minister)
4 Leader of the Opposition INC
5 Deputy Leader of the Opposition

Members of the Legislative Assembly

This section is transcluded from 16th Assam Assembly. (edit | history)
Source:[5][6]
District No. Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks
Kokrajhar 1 Gossaigaon Sabharam Basumatary BPF NDA
2 Dotma (ST) Rabiram Narzary
3 Kokrajhar (ST) Sewli Mohilary
4 Baokhungri Rupam Chandra Roy
5 Parbatjhora Md Ashraful Islam Sheikh INC ASM
Dhubri 6 Golakganj Ashwini Roy Sarkar BJP NDA
7 Gauripur Abdus Sobahan Ali Sarkar INC ASM
8 Dhubri Baby Begum
9 Birsing Jarua Wazed Ali Choudhury
10 Bilasipara Jibesh Rai AGP NDA
South Salmara-Mankachar 11 Mankachar Mohibur Rohman INC ASM
Goalpara 12 Jaleshwar Aftab Uddin Mollah
13 Goalpara West (ST) Pabitra Rabha BJP NDA
14 Goalpara East Abul Kalam Rasheed Alam INC ASM
15 Dudhnai (ST) Tankeswar Rabha BJP NDA
Bongaigaon 16 Abhayapuri Bhupen Roy BJP NDA
17 Srijangram Md. Nurul Islam INC ASM
18 Bongaigaon Diptimayee Choudhury AGP NDA
Chirang 19 Sidli–Chirang (ST) Paniram Brahma BPF NDA
20 Bijni Arup Kumar Dey BJP
Bajali 21 Bhowanipur–Sorbhog Ranjeet Kumar Dass BJP NDA
Barpeta 22 Mandia Sherman Ali Ahmed AITC None
23 Chenga Abdur Rahim Ahmed INC ASM
24 Barpeta (SC) Dipak Kumar Das AGP NDA
25 Pakabetbari Jakir Hussain Sikdar INC ASM
Bajali 26 Bajali Dharmeswar Roy AGP NDA
Kamrup 27 Chamaria Rekibuddin Ahmed INC ASM
28 Boko–Chaygaon (ST) Raju Mesh BJP NDA
29 Palasbari Himangshu Shekar Baishya
30 Hajo–Sualkuchi (SC) Prakash Chandra Das AGP
31 Rangiya Bhabesh Kalita BJP
32 Kamalpur Diganta Kalita
Kamrup Metropolitan 33 Dispur Pradyut Bordoloi BJP NDA
34 Dimoria (SC) Tapan Das AGP
35 New Guwahati Diplu Ranjan Sarmah BJP
36 Guwahati Central Vijay Kumar Gupta
37 Jalukbari Himanta Biswa Sarma
Nalbari 38 Barkhetri Narayan Deka BJP NDA
39 Nalbari Jayanta Malla Baruah
40 Tihu Chandra Mohan Patowary
Baksa 41 Manas Thaneswar Basumatary BPF NDA
42 Baksa (ST) Maneswar Brahma
Tamulpur 43 Tamulpur (ST) Biswajit Daimary BJP NDA
44 Goreshwar Victor Kumar Das
Udalguri 45 Bhergaon Maheswar Baro BPF NDA
46 Udalguri (ST) Rihon Daimary
47 Majbat Charan Boro
48 Tangla Bikan Chandra Deka BJP
Darrang 49 Sipajhar Paramananda Rajbongshi BJP NDA
50 Mangaldai Paramananda Rajbongshi
51 Dalgaon Mazibur Rahman AIUDF None
Morigaon 52 Jagiroad (SC) Pijush Hazarika BJP NDA
53 Laharighat Asif Mohammad Nazar INC ASM
54 Morigaon Rama Kantha Dewri BJP NDA
Nagaon 55 Dhing Mehboob Mukhtar RD ASM
56 Rupohihat Nurul Huda INC
57 Kaliabor Keshab Mahanta AGP NDA
58 Samaguri Tanzil Hussain INC ASM
59 Barhampur Jitu Goswami BJP NDA
60 Nagaon–Batadraba Rupak Sarmah
61 Raha (SC) Sashi Kanta Das
Hojai 62 Binnakandi Mohammed Badruddin Ajmal AIUDF None
63 Hojai Shiladitya Dev BJP NDA
64 Lumding Sibu Misra
Sonitpur 65 Dhekiajuli Ashok Singhal BJP NDA
66 Barchalla Ritu Baran Sarmah
67 Tezpur Prithiraj Rava AGP NDA
68 Rangapara Krishna Kamal Tanti BJP NDA
69 Nadaur Padma Hazarika
Biswanath 70 Biswanath Pallab Lochan Das BJP NDA
71 Behali (SC) Munindra Das
72 Gohpur Utpal Borah
Lakhimpur 73 Bihpuria Bhupen Kumar Borah BJP NDA
74 Rongonadi Rishiraj Hazarika
75 Naoboicha (SC) Joy Prakash Das INC ASM
76 Lakhimpur Manab Deka BJP NDA
77 Dhakuakhana (ST) Naba Kumar Doley
Dhemaji 78 Dhemaji (ST) Ranoj Pegu BJP NDA
79 Sissiborgaon Jiban Gogoi
80 Jonai (ST) Bhubon Pegu
Tinsukia 81 Sadiya Bolin Chetia BJP NDA
82 Doom Dooma Rupesh Gowala
83 Margherita Bhaskar Sharma
84 Digboi Suren Phukan
85 Makum Sanjoy Kishan
86 Tinsukia Pulok Gohain
Dibrugarh 87 Chabua–Lahowal Binod Hazarika BJP NDA
88 Dibrugarh Prasanta Phukan
89 Khowang Chakradhar Gogoi
90 Duliajan Rameswar Teli
91 Tingkhong Bimal Borah
92 Naharkatia Taranga Gogoi
Charaideo 93 Sonari Dhormeswar Konwar BJP NDA
94 Mahmora Suruj Dehingia
Sibsagar 95 Demow Susanta Borgohain BJP NDA
96 Sibsagar Akhil Gogoi RD ASM
97 Nazira Mayur Borgohain BJP NDA
Majuli 98 Majuli (ST) Bhuban Gam BJP NDA
Jorhat 99 Teok Bikash Saikia AGP NDA
100 Jorhat Hitendra Nath Goswami BJP NDA
101 Mariani Rupjyoti Kurmi
102 Titabor Dhiraj Gowala
Golaghat 103 Golaghat Ajanta Neog BJP NDA
104 Dergaon Mridul Kumar Dutta
105 Bokakhat Atul Bora AGP NDA
106 Khumtai Mrinal Saikia BJP NDA
107 Sarupathar Biswajit Phukan
Karbi Anglong 108 Bokajan (ST) Surjya Rongphar BJP NDA
109 Howraghat (ST) Lunsing Teron
110 Diphu (ST) Niso Terangpi
West Karbi Anglong 111 Rongkhang (ST) Tuliram Ronghang BJP NDA
112 Amri (ST) Habbey Teron
Dima Hasao 113 Haflong (ST) Rupali Langthasa BJP NDA
Cachar 114 Lakhipur Kaushik Rai BJP NDA
115 Udharbond Rajdeep Goala
116 Katigorah Kamalakhya Dey Purkayastha
117 Borkhola Kishor Nath
118 Silchar Rajdeep Roy
119 Sonai Aminul Haque Laskar INC ASM
120 Dholai (SC) Amiya Kanti Das BJP NDA
Hailakandi 121 Hailakandi Milon Das BJP NDA
122 Algapur–Katlicherra Zubair Anam Mazumder INC ASM
Sribhumi 123 Karimganj North Jakaria Ahmed INC ASM
124 Karimganj South Aminur Rashid Choudhury
125 Patharkandi Krishnendu Paul BJP NDA
126 Ram Krishna Nagar (SC) Bijoy Malakar BJP NDA

Leaders of Opposition

Official Opposition is a term used to designate the political party which has secured the second largest number of seats in the assembly. In order to get formal recognition, the party must have at least 10% of total membership of the Legislative Assembly. A single party has to meet the 10% seat criterion, not an alliance. Many of the Indian state legislatures also follow this 10% rule while the rest of them prefer single largest opposition party according to the rules of their respective houses.

Leaders of Opposition

# Assembly Name Portrait Took office Left office Constituency Party Chief Minister
1 Gopinath Bordoloi Kamrup Sadar South Indian National Congress Sir Syed Muhammed Saadulah
2 Gaurishankar Bhattacharyya 1972 1978 Borbhag Peoples Democratic Party of Assam Sarat Chandra Sinha
? ? ? 1978 1979 ? Indian National Congress Golap Borbora
1979 1979 ? Indian National Congress Jogendra Nath Hazarika
1980 1981 ? Janata Party Anwara Taimur
1981 1983 ? Janata Party Kesab Chandra Gogoi
? ? ? 1983 1985 ? ? Hiteswar Saikia
3 Golok Rajbanshi 1985 1990 Rangapara Indian National Congress Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
4 Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 1991 1996 Barhampur Asom Gana Parishad Hiteswar Saikia
? ? 1996 2001 ? Indian National Congress Prafulla Kumar Mahanta
4 11th Assam Assembly Brindaban Goswami
B.Goswami in Left Side
2001 2006 Tezpur Asom Gana Parishad Tarun Gogoi
12th Assam Assembly 2006 2006
5 Chandra Mohan Patowary 2006 2010 Dharmapur
(3) Prafulla Kumar Mahanta 2010 2011 Barhampur
13th Assam Assembly ? ? 2011 2016 ? ?
6 14th Assam Assembly Debabrata Saikia 6-June-2016[7] 5-Jan-2021[8] Nazira Indian National Congress Sarbananda Sonowal
15th Assam Assembly 21-May-2021[9] Incumbent Nazira Indian National Congress Himanta Biswa Sarma

Deputy Leader of Opposition

# Assembly Name Portrait Term starts Constituency Party Chief Minister
1 Renuka Devi Barkataki 1972-1978 Peoples Democratic Party of Assam Sarat Chandra Sinha
2 14th Assam Assembly Rakibul Hussain 2016-2021 Samaguri Indian National Congress Sarbananda Sonowal
15th Assam Assembly 2021-2024 Himanta Biswa Sarma
3 2024-incumbent

See also

  • List of constituencies of the Assam Legislative Assembly
  • Government of Assam

References

  1. ^ "A Brief Historical Profile of Assam Legislative Assembly". assambidhansabha.org. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  2. ^ "BJP legislator Biswajit Daimary becomes new Assam assembly speaker". Times of India. 21 May 2021.
  3. ^ Rao, V. Venkata (1987). "Government and Politics in North East India". The Indian Journal of Political Science. 48 (4): 458–486. ISSN 0019-5510.
  4. ^ "Assam Legislative Assembly - History". assambidhansabha.org. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  5. ^ Bureau, The Hindu (4 May 2026). "Assam Assembly Election 2026: Full list of winners". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 5 May 2026. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  6. ^ "Assam Assembly Election Results 2026 Winners: BJP wins 82 seats, Congress 19 – Check Constituency-Wise, Party-Wise Full List". The Indian Express. 4 May 2026. Retrieved 5 May 2026.
  7. ^ "Debabrata Saikia appointed Leader of Opposition in Assam Assembly". Financialexpress. 6 June 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  8. ^ "Congress MLA loses status of leader of opposition in Assam assembly". Hindustan Times. 5 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025.
  9. ^ "Congress elects Debabrata Saikia as leader of opposition in Assam Assembly". ANI. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2025.